Superb Future Technology Article

The official IMF site is at: Interoperable Mastering Format Forum (IMFF)

Thunderbolt – This is taking off with 

Post-IBC: Six Things to Watch

Written by Carolyn Giardina

Thunderbolt, IMF, UltraViolet, and Cloud technologies generate buzz.

The 2011 IBC conference, held September 8-13 in Amsterdam, generated news and discussion about all areas of production, post and content distribution. Here is a sampling of just some of the developments to watch for in the coming months.

DVS-ClipsterIMF

The Interoperable Master Format, or IMF, has been a big topic in the US, and at IBC word was spreading in the international community.

“The purpose of IMF is to create a high-quality, standardized and interoperable file framework for finished content,” explained SMPTE’s IMF Working Group chair Annie Chang, who is Disney’s VP Post-Production Technology. “IMF allows for flexible versioning so that multiple language versions and edits can be put together without the need to create full linear versions of each language/edit. IMF can store only the different pieces (audio, image and subtitles) and uses a Composition Play List to ‘mix and match’ and create the various versions needed.”

According to Chang, some of the IMF draft documents should start rolling out this Fall.

Chang encourages involvement in the SMPTE effort from hardware and software manufacturers that have systems that edit, play out and/or transcode files.

DVS has already stepped up to the plate, introducing version 4.3 of its Clipster, which debuted at IBC with new features including mezzanine format mastering for IMF workflows with extended JPEG2000 support.

Clipster’s batchlist function enables independent and automated processing of IMF, as well DCI and other distribution jobs.

Also during IBC, the Advanced Media Workflow Association (AMWA), the European Broadcast Union (EBU), and SMPTE agreed to work together to accelerate their respective efforts at driving interoperability and delivering efficient media workflows.

This will include meeting regularly and collecting input from users.

Said SMPTE President Pete Ludé: “As more media organizations rely on rapidly developed software-based tools, it is particularly important that standards-development processes meet these fast-paced needs.”

AJA-Io-XTTHUNDERBOLT

Numerous manufacturers introduced Thunderbolt-enabled devices at IBC, demonstrating the promise of the technology.

“Thunderbolt is important because it’s incredibly fast, supporting standard protocols, which means we can create devices to work all the way up to uncompressed 4:4:4 HD on systems that before could not handle it, such as a MacBook Pro,” said AJA President Nick Rashby. “We’re very excited to see how new Thunderbolt-enabled technologies help evolve workflows.”

AJA introduced Io XT, an I/O device with two Thunderbolt ports. Said Rashby: “Io XT won’t be your ‘endpoint’ on your setup, because we support daisy-chaining connectivity of multiple Thunderbolt-enabled devices.”

This is the developing I/O device that was first exhibited as a technology demonstration at NAB. The product is slated for availability in Q4 for $1495.

At IBC, Matrox and Promise Technology hosted a demonstration of multi-layer realtime editing of uncompressed HD projects using Matrox’s MXO2 LE MAX video I/O devices and Promise Pegasus RAID storage connected to the Apple iMac via Thunderbolt technology.

Pricing for Thunderbolt-enabled Matrox MXO2 devices starts at $549, and Matrox Thunderbolt adapters for MXO2 devices are available for $199.

Blackmagic Design also made Thunderbolt-supported products a big part of its IBC exhibit.

Now available for $995, Thunderbolt-enabled UltraStudio 3D offers portable capture and playback with full resolution dual stream 3D support, as well as full SD, HD and 2K support.

Blackmagic’s second Thunderbolt-supported product, Intensity Extreme, will be available later this year. The $299 video capture and playback product is designed for professional videographers with HDMI and analog video. “We think the combination of HDMI and analog on an extremely compact Thunderbolt bus powered design combined with an affordable price will change the lives of thousands of professional videographers,” said Grant Petty, CEO, Blackmagic.

cs55_productionpremium_boxshotCHANGE IN THE PROFESSIONAL FINISHING SPACE

Following news that Adobe acquired Iridas for an undisclosed sum, there was plenty of talk about what that might mean in the professional finishing space.

Adobe’s announcement of the deal suggested that Adobe Creative Suite Production Premium and Adobe Creative Suite Master Collection “are expected to gain a comprehensive set of tools so video editors can manipulate color and light for any type of content, including professional film and television.”

Bill Roberts, Adobe’s director of video product management, did not discuss specifics, but said of Adobe’s vision: “We think that the tasks of audio, effects, finishing, editing should all have dedicated interfaces and the workflow should be simple and seamless and lossless between the applications. Historically that is what we have done and that should not change going forward as we start to integrate this technology.”

Adobe was not the only company making acquisition news at IBC. In late August, 3ality Digital bought Element Technica, renaming the company 3ality Technica and making IBC its first trade show under the new brand name. The company had a booth and also hosted a reception during IBC. Plans are to beef up its R&D, while continuing to offer products from both companies with emphasis on integration. That includes integration with Element Technica rigs and 3ality’s Stereo Image Processor (SIP).

DaVinciResolveSoftware-2IIF ACES

In Hollywood, momentum has been building around the Image Interchange Framework, or IIF, an architecture developed by an Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences-led committee of industry professionals, coupled with ACES (Academy Color Encoding Spec). The goal is to create a way to manage color consistency throughout production.

IIF ACES has already started to find its way into production, including at Encore, where colorist Pankaj Bajpai used a workflow on FX series Justified, shot by Francis Kenny, ASC.

At IBC, Blackmagic Design featured the new DaVinci Resolve 8.1 software update, which now includes ACES color space support.

In related news, Blackmagic announced that DaVinci Resolve for Microsoft Windows will be accompanied by the Mac OS X version, meaning that when a customer purchases DaVinci Resolve, he or she can choose which operating system to use.

Digital-Rapids-Transcode-Manager-20ULTRAVIOLET

Digital Entertainment Content Ecosystem (DECE) – an industry consortium of more than 70 stakeholders including Hollywood studios and manufacturers – are getting ready to launch UltraViolet, a DRM system that effectively would allow each customer to create a content library in the cloud that could be accessed on any supported device.

At IBC, preparations for the launch were evident at the DTS booth, which was demoing its MediaPlayer using UltraViolet Common File Format (CFF) files created with upcoming version 2.0 of the Digital Rapids Transcode Manager automated transcoding software (which was demoed at the Digital Rapids booth).

“From mobile phones and tablets to PCs and connected TVs, multi-screen viewing and the increasing volume of digital content are driving fundamental shifts in the way media is distributed and consumed,” said Brick Eksten, president of Digital Rapids. “UltraViolet will play a crucial role in unlocking the potential of multi-screen media consumption, and we’re excited to be continuing our successful partnership with DTS by working together in support of the standard.”

Just after IBC came the earliest content announcements. Upcoming home entertainment releases of Horrible Bosses, Green Lantern, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2 (Warner Bros.), as well as The Smurfsand Friends With Benefits (Sony) will support UltraViolet.

DECE members include Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount, Sony, Universal, Warner Bros., Deluxe, Technicolor, LG, Samsung, Microsoft, Netflix, and Best Buy.

UltraViolet’s rollout begins next week in North America.

Quantel-Qtube-UpdateTHE CLOUD

The entertainment technology community continues to explore ways that the cloud can be incorporated into workflows to create efficiencies. The models that were featured this year at IBC primarily surrounded broadcast applications.

Quantel, for instance, showed the next stage of its QTube cloud-based broadcast production workflow at IBC, which now includes the ability to integrate files held on generic IT storage, and well as to access and combine content from multiple sites.

Rogers Media in Canada is already using QTube for coverage of live events including MLB and NHL games. Said Frank Bruno, VP Engineering for Rogers Media: “For us, QTube is a problem solver; we have so many stations across the country and also camera people going to multiple venues and events. As long as you are near a connection, you have contact back and forth. We don’t have to worry about shipping disks or hard drives.”

At IBC, Chyron offered a look at its AXIS World Graphics cloud-based graphics creation system. Also aimed at broadcasters, the system is designed for reporters, production assistants, and news producers who would have access to prebuilt templates via a web browser to quickly create graphics for outlets including websites and mobile devices.

Avid Technology released a white paper outlining its view of the media cloud. It explained: “Avid strongly believes that the successful media enterprise will focus on delivering new consumer experiences via distribution platforms that create new revenue models.

“Forward-looking digital media strategies must include cloud-based services in addition to traditional intranet and internet-based solutions. Avid’s Integrated Media Enterprise (IME) framework provides a blueprint for organizations to confidently embark on this journey and take full advantage of the opportunities presented by cloud computing – now.”

Nice Stories About Hugo

It is nice to see people saying nice things about well done 3D. Obviously the corner has been turned on the production and post-production side. Whether the exhibition side will continue with low light levels and splotchy screens…well, that’s a commersial issue – nothing to do with standards. 


Scorsese’s spectacular 3-D “Hugo” – Movies – Salon.com

Hugo :: rogerebert.com :: Reviews

Will Scorsese’s “Hugo” redeem the 3-D fiasco? – Movies – Salon.com

Watch: James Cameron Discusses 3D in ‘Hugo’ with Martin Scorsese | FirstShowing.net

Review: ‘Hugo’ is an Impassioned Work of Art By a Master Filmmaker | FirstShowing.net

Review: ‘Hugo’ is an Impassioned Work of Art By a Master Filmmaker | FirstShowing.net

 

SSL Breaches & Duqu; What is DCinema Interesting

This is not something to panic about. This is just a topic to learn about. We typically attach our common work machines to the same network as the machines that control projectors and ticket systems. The lesson of StuxNet is that a breach of one is a breach of all. The lesson of the US Department of Defense is that employees must learn the basics of how systems can be infected and how to stop those infections. A simple USB stick allowed an infection that later allowed people to download secure documents from other countries through the US defence department systems.

Now Duqu, which appears to be targetting machine control systems in much more clever ways than Stuxnet and capable of many future variations. Let’s not forget that Digital Cinema Systems are machine control systems. The nature of the infection is to wildly scatter then wait for the new slaves to start chattering back where someone then checks to see what kind of fish has been caught. Then they put a list up on the ‘black hat’ web sites announcing Systems With Access Holes and trade your life for a few hundred dollars.


 

Here are some of the more recent articles. Make certain that there is someone in your organization who learns to stay on top of these things. Don’t pass it off to an outside group without also having employee training. This is a quality control issue. Put someone in charge.

Good News:

DuquDetector released to forensically detect pest – The H Security: News and Features

Not so good News

How much similar? Remotely Opening Prison Doors Schneier on Security

Cyber Intrusion Blamed for Hardware Failure at Water Utility — Krebs on Security

Stolen government certificate signed malware – The H Security: News and Features

Compromised certificates: Revocations alone are insufficient – The H Security: News and Features

Malware Signed With a Governmental Signing Key – F-Secure Weblog : News from the Lab

Old but relevent news:

Autopsy of RSA Attack

More Military Systems Hacked

DCinema Projectionist and Tech Survey – November 2011

Hello; a friend is giving a presentation at Camera Image Conference at the end of November 2011.

We would appreciate it if you could give us as many answers that you have time for, and ask friends to fill in the form. Be as detailed or quick as you can.

Many thanks.

Go to this Google Form Site, please:

DCinema Projectionist and Tech Survey – November 2011

Final Cut Pro X-Apple Training Series

Final Cut Pro X-Apple Training Series

by Diana Weynand 
www.peachpit.com – $54.99

Review by Steve Douglas

Final Cut Pro X-Apple Training Series at Ken Stone’s Site

For those wanting to get in on the ground floor of the new editing application that is Final Cut Pro X, Peachpit Press and Diana Weynand continue their long standing history of providing supplemental training via their Apple Pro Training Series of tutorial books. For those seeking certification in any of Apple’s applications, it is these ‘Training Series’ line of books that one needs to use to prepare for the Apple certifications.

When reviewing Ms. Weynand’s last two books covering Final Cut Pro 6 and 7 within Final Cut Studio 2 and 3, I was critical of the fact that new features had not been addressed within revisions of the books but, instead, readers were requested to go on line for supplemental reading regarding new features. With Final Cut Pro X being as new as it is, happily, there is none of that found in this, her latest and first book on Final Cut Pro X.

Read more with pictures and arrows…

Final Cut Pro X-Apple Training Series at Ken Stone’s Site

High Frame Rates – The New Black, Getting to Speed

On 26 March 2011, Barry Clark posted The Path to 3D4Kp48 – The Next Step for Cinema. While there had been some behind the scenes discussion on the topic at that point, the subject was not really mentioned online. Most any conversation ended quickly since no one really had the answers of what one set of manufacturers could do, or how long it would take, especially since there was no standard to work to. Everything in the dcinema world had been done to a standard, recently ratified by SMPTE, and many manufacturers were still working flat out to catch up to those.

Regardless, it has been a busy 7 months since then – there are still many questions waiting to be answered about the science involved. However, as ShowEast ends with a major announcement or three, perhaps it is time to summarize the situation.

First background point: There has long been agreement that capture should be done at higher resolutions than the final product requires. In the digital world this is most true since most every manner of manipulation of audio and video loses bits. In the press discussions and press releases there has been some slippage about making points that may be important in image capture that may not be as important in exhibition, or vice-versa.

Second background point: On the last day of CinemaCon 2011 (March 31), James Cameron showed experiments that he had done with actors and 3D cameras, captured at 24, 48 and 60 frames per second, each being displayed on a very complicated set up at 24, 48 and 60 fps. The full details can be read here: Cinemacon 2011 – High Frame Rate 3D Demonstration by: Reiner Doetzkies of TI and Geoff Burdick of Lightstorm. MKPE also has a write up at: Cameron, Showscan, and 3-D

Since then, Director Jackson and Director Cameron announced that they will be releasing their next big tentpoles in high frame rate stereoscopic; The Hobbit in 48 fps (December 2012), and Avatar II at 60fps (December 2014).

Where? How? With what equipment? With full encryption? At some standard? For, though this is entertainment, we need a product at the other end that will play the entertainment, probably on a variety of equipment since the studios are always on the lookout for anti-trust problems… and there isn’t a lot of time…and perhaps even people. (Obligatory science statement: Work=Force times distance, but only the magnitude of the force in the direction of the objective is un-wasted and significant.)

In fact, SMPTE has updated the standards for projection in the last year; where they were once exclusively US friendly, they are now world-friendly with 25 and 50 fps marks as well as US television friendly 30, and archival friendly with some sub-24 rates (in proposal/approval stage.) In doing this, equipment manufacturers – notably Texas Instruments (since Sony Projectors already could get to stereographic 60 fps), and the server manufacturers who one by one announced that they could meet the output challenge with full security and with the required open and closed captions.

The question quickly became, what is the input challenge? Neither Cameron’s nor Jackson’s groups appear ready to tell the world what they expect for the post-production deliverable. Critically, all the dcinema equipment in the field is set for the bar of 250 Mbits/second. It is unlikely that anyone would want the added compression that doubling the number of frames would require to fit in the same datastream.

And so, to now. At ShowEast USL announced that their new IMB (internal media block) has a compressed JPEG2000 data rate at 500Mb/s, with a data rate into the projector of 10.0098Gb/s. This produces full frame 2048×1080, 12 bit color planes at 60 frames 3D

Again, to compare, current servers deliver a DCI-specified maximum of 250Mb/s compressed JPEG2000 data rate and deliver a little less than 3Gb/s over two HD-SDI coax cable links to the projector. DCI also allows these devices to be 10 bit.

This will probably be the typical ‘standard’ since the math pretty much points there. So, what the manufacturers are being asked to do is double the compressed data rate from the server to the IMB and more than triple the decoded video data rate to the projector.

Given that there is approximately 50% penetration of equipment in the market, none of which can do this, one speculates what the rest of the industry will do. Will this type of speed require a large bump in costs, or will it become the expected, de rigueur, for systems in the future.

GDC announced that they would be showing something similar, with their IMB and SMS (media server) in a Barco Projector at an August convention in Japan. GDC to Showcase High Frame Rate Digital Projection System at BIRTV 2011. GDC has a relationship with Barco in the Far East.

Then at ShowEast, with USL’s IMB announcement, there was also an announcement from Christie. They will be including an IMB capable of high frame rates. Their release was also more publicity rather than a tech announcement…you know, because all the people using and buying these devices only need publicity because these are all commodity items now.

One thing that we do know is that the 4K TI units needed an IMB. Doremi has one. We see that GDC has one. Dolby showed theirs at CinemaCon. Qube showed theirs at CinemaCon as well, and announced that they are showing a working unit at ShowEast.

Finally, Digital Cinema gets the words “Future Proof”. It is on the GDC PR and on the Christie PR. One can presume with surety that previous units were not future proof. One company gave assurance with a 10 year warranty – which seems beyond reality if it is thought through.

One is also reminded that the VPF agreements are one-time affairs. The studios consider that they did their share and when the first tranche is over, they are on the road to saving distribution costs forever. Yet, here we see the exhibitors, some with equipment that is older than 5 years, getting to a reality junction. The next set of equipment will be bought from cashflow, not partially donated by VPF agreements. Future Proof…The New Black.

Back to high-frame rates: The following was also seen in someone’s PR. No need to mention whose since this style of hype will be with them all.

High frame rate technology also allows audiences to enjoy the 3D movie experience without the visual discomfort that has affected some 3D moviegoers.

So that is the reason that people have had headaches walking from the cinema! Wouldn’t you love to see those research papers? Because one reality can’t be unstated. Typically, only one plane is in focus in the human visual system and things that are moving by in the out of focus plane doesn’t have full motion resolution either…just like 24 fps film representation. So while stereoscopic can use some help, and while 48 fps and 60 fps material did look incredible compared to 24 frame, is it the panacea? Is it worth the cost?

The Cameron material shown at CinemaCon was also shown at 10 foot lamberts. Movies mastered for that level with the equipment tuned to consistently perform at that level sounds like a nice evolutionary step. Associated with that would be that every seat in the house have that level instead of the 50% falloff at 23 degrees off horizontal or vertical centers that high gain and typical silver screens ‘provide’. When most cinema auditoriums are at 3 foot Lamberts and most of the audience is seeing 1.5 or less, that seems like a more effective vector of attack for a larger number of patrons with the equipment available.

ShowEast [Update]: HFR, 3D Sound, HI/VI Glasses, Test Tools and Duqu

In a clever move, Christie took the URL highframerate.com – It now points to a story on their site: Expect a higher standard- higher frame rates. They tell the hyped part of the story, and don’t tell any of the grusome details like, how is the technology going to get there? what standards are going to need to change? How many of these standards are going to be backwards compatable? But it is good to see an effort to educate their audience.

What we can glean is that Christie now has their own internal media block and screen management system for their projectors. We’ll post the PR for you to read yourselves. When people start touting “Future Proof Your Long Term Investment”, it might be read as “We haven’t paid attention to this before, but we have nailed it now!”

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Barco has two facilities with their new Auro 3D Sound system now…one in Moscow and a new one in Antwerp at Kinepolis. Barco announced IMB/SMS integration at CineEurope.

That makes a lot of parties interested in selling IMBs. We seem to remember a ShoWest that <3 letter company> secretly showed a network panel and IMB that would do the same over a high speed network several years ago…and everyone said it was too early to talk about. We also remember Laser Light Engine’s Bill Beck describing the vision of fibre running from an engineering room to some DLP chips and a lens at the port hole back in 2004. Looks like the time is going to be here before we know it.

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[Update] USL has just released some new information about their new IMB, which will be used for several of the demonstrations of HFR at ShowEast – The input is 500 Megabits per second, twice the DCI spec datarate of 250 for a DCP. It will push to the projector the data rate of just over 10 Gigabits per second, displaying 60 fps stereoscopic 2K (2048×1080), 12 bit JPEG 2000 color plates. An interested party describes it as absolutely stunning.

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Sony showed the incredible Closed Caption glasses at CinemaCon – then the project went into silent mode. They were working with the USL system (speaking of 3 letter companies), which is the gold standard in the market for several reasons; the first being what was mentioned before – they did a good job of evolving their product line so that a client could upgrade without throwing away their current product.

USL also invested heavily to get people noticing the the closed caption space in general, and the glasses idea in particular. They showed them at plugfests and conventions for a few years, and really invested the time for the industry and client’s benefit.

Closed Caption in glasses is a big deal. Other solutions work, like the small screens that fit into popcorn holders. But they seperate the kids who can’t from the kids who can’t…and we all know how kids are. So a product that allows people with impairments, but who can read, now have a pair of glasses available that don’t look bizarre. The effect of placing the words out in the distance is great, so that they don’t have to keep changing focus. There are many questions to follow-up on, and we are expecting a call with Sony immenently – it sure looked as if USL was going to be able to incorporate the Sony technology into their sales flow, so it could be the best of both worlds.

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Harkness has an announcement that is under embargo until Monday and USL has a rumored announcement. Both show a certain maturity to the industry, and just in time. Several cinematographers have measured light levels in hundreds of cinemas around the world and found deplorable circumstances. One got the impression that, until recently, putting any impediments like quality in the stream would be too much for the industry to bear. In the next update we will have links to articles that are embargoed for pre-release, but the potential for Quality Control takes a couple steps forward at ShowEast.

===>> So now it can be revealed. Hopefully we will get more news as the product matures toward release, which is promised to be early next year.

Like IMBs above, the topic of test tools deserves a full article. Doremi has a new product in test, USL has a new product in test, Harkness has a new product in test, Digital Test Tools has a new product in test. Perhaps the industry is ready for a good examination of luminance on the screen.

The Harkness product is called a Digital Screen Checker, and looks like this.

Harkness Screen Checker
Just what the doctor ordered, though we don’t know much about it. What is the price? What corrolation does it have with a NIST certified device? The viewfinder window leaves some confusion in our simple minds. And is this a plot to impose Foot Lamberts on the other 96% of the world that uses the ISO standard unit of candelas per meter.

On/Off us interesting on something that looks like a USB device. But maybe it is also battery powered? Does the USB aspect imply some database and/or network capability?

The press release is attached at the bottom of this document.

 


USL is also in the process of introducing its LSS-100 Light and Sound Sensor. This product is based upon our 2006 design which combined proprietary luminance and audio level measuring technologies. Their other products in this field are pretty inclusive so, like the Harkness device we look forward to seeing people actually use these devices to make the audience experience more like the director’s intent.USL LSS100


One thing that won’t be talked about at ShowEast is Stuxnet and its new evolution, Duqu. Why would the dcinema industry need to concern itself with a virus that randomly attempts to get into any network to find out information about machine control? We present the link above without comment.

Who Else Was Hit by the RSA Attackers?

DCinema Exhibitors and Distributors: Read the above paragraph again. Combine it with the news of a new Stuxnet type of malware bot being uncovered just last week that targets machine control systems. Then, rethink your security. Does your current system match what you would like to have?


Security experts have said that RSA wasn’t the only corporation victimized in the attack, and that dozens of other multinational companies were infiltrated using many of the same tools and Internet infrastructure. But so far, no one has been willing to talk publicly about which other companies may have been hit.  Today’s post features a never-before-published list of those victim organizations. The information suggests that more than 760 other organizations had networks that were compromised with some of the same resources used to hit RSA. Almost 20 percent of the current Fortune 100 companies are on this list.
Since the RSA incident was disclosed, lawmakers in the U.S. Congress have taken a renewed interest in so-called “advanced persistent threat” or APT attacks. Some of the industry’s top security experts have been summoned to Capitol Hill to brief lawmakers and staff about the extent of the damage. The information below was shared with congressional staff.

Below is a list of companies whose networks were shown to have been phoning home to some of the same control infrastructure that was used in the attack on RSA. The first victims appear to have begun communicating with the attacker’s control networks as early as November 2010.

A few caveats are in order here. First, many of the network owners listed are Internet service providers, and are likely included because some of their subscribers were hit. Second, it is not clear how many systems in each of these companies or networks were compromised, for how long those intrusions persisted, or whether the attackers successfully stole sensitive information from all of the victims. Finally, some of these organizations (there are several antivirus firms mentioned  below) may be represented because they  intentionally compromised internal systems in an effort to reverse engineer malware used in these attacks.

Among the more interesting names on the list are Abbott Labs, the Alabama Supercomputer Network, Charles Schwabb & Co., Cisco Systems, eBay, the European Space Agency, Facebook, Freddie Mac, Google, the General Services Administration, the Inter-American Development Bank, IBM, Intel Corp., the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Motorola Inc., Northrop Grumman, Novell, Perot Systems, PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP, Research in Motion (RIM) Ltd., Seagate Technology, Thomson Financial, Unisys Corp., USAA, Verisign, VMWare, Wachovia Corp., and Wells Fargo & Co.
At the end of the victim list is a pie chart that shows the geographic distribution of the command and control networks used to coordinate the attacks. The chart indicates that the overwhelming majority of the C&Cs are located in or around Beijing, China.
302-DIRECT-MEDIA-ASN
8e6 Technologies, Inc.
AAPT AAPT Limited
ABBOTT Abbot Labs
ABOVENET-CUSTOMER – Abovenet Communications, Inc
ACCNETWORKS – Advanced Computer Connections
ACEDATACENTERS-AS-1 – Ace Data Centers, Inc.
ACSEAST – ACS Inc.
ACS-INTERNET – Affiliated Computer Services
ACS-INTERNET – Armstrong Cable Services
ADELPHIA-AS – Road Runner HoldCo LLC
Administracion Nacional de Telecomunicaciones
AERO-NET – The Aerospace Corporation
AHP – WYETH-AYERST/AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS
AIRLOGIC – Digital Magicians, Inc.
AIRTELBROADBAND-AS-AP Bharti Airtel Ltd., Telemedia Services
AIS-WEST – American Internet Services, LLC.
AKADO-STOLITSA-AS _AKADO-Stolitsa_ JSC
ALCANET Corporate ALCANET Access
ALCANET-DE-AS Alcanet International Deutschland GmbH
ALCATEL-NA – Alcanet International NA
ALCHEMYNET – Alchemy Communications, Inc.
Alestra, S. de R.L. de C.V.
ALLIANCE-GATEWAY-AS-AP Alliance Broadband Services Pvt. Ltd.,Alliance Gateway AS,Broadband Services Provider,Kolkata,India
ALMAZAYA Almazaya gateway L.L.C
AMAZON-AES – Amazon.com, Inc.
AMERITECH-AS – AT&T Services, Inc.
AMNET-AU-AP Amnet IT Services Pty Ltd
ANITEX-AS Anitex Autonomus System
AOL-ATDN – AOL Transit Data Network
API-DIGITAL – API Digital Communications Group, LLC
APOLLO-AS LATTELEKOM-APOLLO
APOLLO-GROUP-INC – University of Phoenix
APT-AP AS
ARLINGTONVA – Arlington County Government
ARMENTEL Armenia Telephone Company
AS INFONET
AS3215 France Telecom – Orange
AS3602-RTI – Rogers Cable Communications Inc.
AS4196 – Wells Fargo & Company
AS702 Verizon Business EMEA – Commercial IP service provider in Europe
ASATTCA AT&T Global Network Services – AP
ASC-NET – Alabama Supercomputer Network
ASDANIS DANIS SRL
ASGARR GARR Italian academic and research network
ASIAINFO-AS-AP ASIA INFONET Co.,Ltd./ TRUE INTERNET Co.,Ltd.
ASIANDEVBANK – Asian Development Bank
ASN852 – Telus Advanced Communications
AS-NLAYER – nLayer Communications, Inc.
ASTOUND-CABLE – Wave Broadband, LLC
AT&T Global Network Services – EMEA
AT&T US
ATMAN ATMAN Autonomous System
ATOMNET ATOM SA
ATOS-AS ATOS Origin Infogerance Autonomous System
ATT-INTERNET4 – AT&T Services, Inc.
AUGERE-AS-AP Augere Wireless Broadband Bangladesh Limited
AVAYA AVAYA
AVENUE-AS Physical person-businessman Kuprienko Victor Victorovich
AXAUTSYS ARAX I.S.P.
BACOM – Bell Canada
BAHNHOF Bahnhof AB
BALTKOM-AS SIA _Baltkom TV SIA_
BANGLALINK-AS an Orascom Telecom Company, providing GSM service in Bangladesh
BANGLALION-WIMAX-BD Silver Tower (16 & 18th Floor)
BANKINFORM-AS Ukraine
BASEFARM-ASN Basefarm AS. Oslo – Norway
BBIL-AP BHARTI Airtel Ltd.
BBN Bredbaand Nord I/S
BC-CLOUD-SERVICES
BEAMTELE-AS-AP Beam Telecom Pvt Ltd
BEE-AS JSC _VimpelCom_
BELINFONET Belinfonet Autonomus System, Minsk, Belarus
BELLSOUTH-NET-BLK – BellSouth.net Inc.
BELPAK-AS BELPAK
BELWUE Landeshochschulnetz Baden-Wuerttemberg (BelWue)
BENCHMARK-ELECTRONICS – Benchmark Electronics Inc.
BEND-BROADBAND – Bend Cable Communications, LLC
BEZEQ-INTERNATIONAL-AS Bezeqint Internet Backbone
BIGNET-AS-ID Elka Prakarsa Utama, PT
BLUEWIN-AS Swisscom (Schweiz) AG
BM-AS-ID PT. Broadband Multimedia, Tbk
BN-AS Business network j.v.
BNSF-AS – Burlington Northern Sante Fe Railway Corp
BNT-NETWORK-ACCESS – Biz Net Technologies
BORNET Boras Energi Nat AB
BREEZE-NETWORK TOV TRK _Briz_
BSC-CORP – Boston Scientific Corporation
BSKYB-BROADBAND-AS BSkyB Broadband
BSNL-NIB National Internet Backbone
BT BT European Backbone
BT-ITALIA BT Italia S.p.A.
BTN-ASN – Beyond The Network America, Inc.
BTTB-AS-AP Telecom Operator & Internet Service Provider as well
BT-UK-AS BTnet UK Regional network
CABLECOM Cablecom GmbH
CABLE-NET-1 – Cablevision Systems Corp.
CABLEONE – CABLE ONE, INC.
CABLEVISION S.A.
CACHEFLOW-AS – Bluecoat Systems, Inc.
CANET-ASN-4 – Bell Aliant Regional Communications, Inc.
CANTV Servicios, Venezuela
CAPEQUILOG – CapEquiLog
CARAVAN CJSC Caravan-Telecom
CARRIER-NET – Carrier Net
CATCHCOM Ventelo
CCCH-3 – Comcast Cable Communications Holdings, Inc
CDAGOVN – Government Telecommunications and Informatics Services
CDS-AS Cifrovye Dispetcherskie Sistemy
CDT-AS CD-Telematika a.s.
CE-BGPAC – Covenant Eyes, Inc.
CELLCO-PART – Cellco Partnership DBA Verizon Wireless
CENSUSBUREAU – U. S. Bureau of the Census
CERNET-ASN-BLOCK – California Education and Research Federation Network
CERT – Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) – Coordination Center
CGINET-01 – CGI Inc
CHARLES-SCHWAB – Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
CHARTER-NET-HKY-NC – Charter Communications
CHINA169-BACKBONE CNCGROUP China169 Backbone
CHINA169-BJ CNCGROUP IP network China169 Beijing Province Network
CHINA169-GZ China Unicom IP network China169 Guangdong province
CHINANET-BACKBONE No.31,Jin-rong Street
CHINANET-IDC-BJ-AP IDC, China Telecommunications Corporation
CHINANET-SH-AP China Telecom (Group)
CIPHERKEY – Cipherkey Exchange Corp.
CISCO-EU-109 Cisco Systems Global ASN – ARIN Assigned
CITEC-AU-AP QLD Government Business (IT)
CITelecom-AS
CITYNET – CityNet
CLARANET-AS ClaraNET
CLIX-NZ TelstraClear Ltd
CMCS – Comcast Cable Communications, Inc.
CMNET-BEIJING-AP China Mobile Communicaitons Corporation
CMNET-GD Guangdong Mobile Communication Co.Ltd.
CMNET-V4SHANDONG-AS-AP Shandong Mobile Communication Company Limited
CNCGROUP-GZ CNCGROUP IP network of GuangZhou region MAN network
CNCGROUP-SH China Unicom Shanghai network
CNIX-AP China Networks Inter-Exchange
CNNIC-DSNET-AP Shanghai Data Solution Co., Ltd.
CNNIC-WASU-AP WASU TV & Communication Holding Co.,Ltd.
CO-2COM-AS 2COM Co ltd.
COGECOWAVE – Cogeco Cable
COGENT Cogent/PSI
COLO4 – Colo4Dallas LP
COLOMBIA TELECOMUNICACIONES S.A. ESP
COLT COLT Technology Services Group Limited
COLUMBUS-NETWORKS – Columbus Networks USA, Inc.
COMCAST-33490 – Comcast Cable Communications, Inc.
COMCAST-33491 – Comcast Cable Communications, Inc.
COMCAST-36732 – Comcast Cable Communications, Inc.
COMCAST-7015 – Comcast Cable Communications Holdings, Inc
COMCAST-7725 – Comcast Cable Communications Holdings, Inc
COMCAST-HOUSTON – Comcast – Houston
COMHEM-SWEDEN Com Hem Sweden
COMNET-TH KSC Commercial Internet Co. Ltd.
Completel Autonomous System in France
COMSAT COLOMBIA
COMSTAR COMSTAR-Direct global network
CORBINA-AS Corbina Telecom
COVAD – Covad Communications Co.
CPMBLUE-AS-BD CPM BLUE ONLINE LTD.Transit AS Internet Service Provider, Dhaka
CRRSTV – CRRS-TV
CSC Computer Management and CSC Denmark
CSC-IGN-AUNZ-AP Computer Sciences Corporation
CSC-IGN-EMEA – Computer Sciences Corporation
CSC-IGN-FTW – Computer Sciences Corporation
CSLOXINFO-AS-AP CS LOXINFO PUBLIC COMPANY LIMITED
CSP-AS CSP
CSUNET-NW – California State University Network
CSXT-AS-1 – CSX Technology
CTIHK-AS-AP City Telecom (H.K.) Ltd.
CTS-MD I.S. Centrul de Telecomunicatii Speciale
CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC – Cox Communications Inc.
CYBERVERSE – Cyberverse, Inc.
CYPRESS-SEMICONDUCTOR – Cypress Semiconductor
CYTA-NETWORK Cyprus Telecommunications Authority
DARLICS-AS Darlics ltd. provides IP transport and Internet
DATAGRUPA SIA _Datagrupa.lv_ Marijas 7 – 412a Riga, LV-1050, LATVIA
DCI-AS DCI Autonomous System
DECHO – Decho Corporation
DFINET DFi Service SA
DHL-AS DHL Systems Inc.
DHSINETNOC – DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
DIGCOMM Digital communications, LTD
DIGITAL-TELEPORT – Digital Teleport Inc.
DIL-AP DIRECT INTERNET LTD.
DIN-AS TOMSKTELECOM AS
DINAS-AS PE Kuznetsova Viktoria Viktorovna
DINET-AS Digital Network JSC
Diveo do Brasil Telecomunicacoes Ltda
DK-ESS-AS Syd Energi Bredbaand A/S
DMSLABNET – DoD Network Information Center
DNC-AS IM Data Network Communication SRL
DNEO-OSP7 – Comcast Cable Communications, Inc.
DNIC-ASBLK-00721-00726 – DoD Network Information Center
DNIC-ASBLK-27032-27159 – DoD Network Information Center
DOGAN-ONLINE Dogan Iletisim Elektronik Servis Hizmetleri
DOMAINFACTORY domainfactory GmbH
DOMAINTOOLS – DomainTools, LLC
DONTELE-AS Telenet LLC
DOPC-AS
DOPC-AS-NGN
DOPC-AS-US
DREAMHOST-AS – New Dream Network, LLC
DREAMX-AS DREAMLINE CO.
DRWEB-AS Doctor Web Ltd
DSE-VIC-GOV-AS Department of Sustainability & Environment,
DSIJSC-AS DSI Autonomous system
DSLEXTREME – DSL Extreme
DTAG Deutsche Telekom AG
DWL-AS-IN Dishnet Wireless Limited. Broadband Wireless
DYNDNS – Dynamic Network Services, Inc.
EASYDNS EasyDNS Technologies, Inc.
EASYNET Easynet Global Services
EBAY – eBay, Inc
ECI-TELECOM-LTD ECI Telecom-Ltd.
EDGECAST – EdgeCast Networks, Inc.
EIRCOM Eircom
ELISA-AS Elisa Oyj
EMBARQ-WNPK – Embarq Corporation
EMBIT-AS BURTILA & Co. ELECTRON M.BIT SRL
EMC-AS12257 – EMC Corporation
EMCATEL
EMIRATES-INTERNET Emirates Internet
EMOBILE eMobile Ltd.
ENTEL CHILE S.A.
EPM Telecomunicaciones S.A. E.S.P.
EQUANT-ASIA Equant AS for Asian Region covering Japan
EQUINIX-EDMA-ASH-ASN – Equinix, Inc.
ERICSSON-APAC-MY-AS Ericsson Global Services. BUGS N&V APAC
ERX-SINGNET SingNet
ESRI – Environmental Systems Research Institute
ESS-PR-WEBMASTERS – ESS/PR WebMasters
EthioNet-AS
ETISALAT-MISR
ETPI-IDS-AS-AP Eastern Telecoms Phils., Inc.
ETSI Autonomous System
EURONET Online Breedband B.V. Global AS
European Space Agency
EUSKALTEL Euskaltel S.A.
EXCELL-AS Excellmedia
EXIM – Export Import Bank of the U.S
FACEBOOK – Facebook, Inc.
FANNIEMAE – Fannie Mae
FasoNet-AS
FASTMETRICS – Fastmetrics, LLC
FAST-TELCO Fast Telecommunications Company W.L.L.
FASTWEB Fastweb SpA
FAWRI-AS
FDA – Parklawn Computer Center / DIMES HQ
FIBREONE-AS fibre one networks GmbH, Duesseldorf
FITC-AS – FITC – FedEx International Transmission Corporation
FMAC-I-BILLING – Freddie Mac
FMI-NET-AS – Freeport-McMoran Inc.
FORATEC-AS Foratec Communication AS at Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Perm regions
FORTINET-CANADA – Fortinet Inc.
FPT-AS-AP The Corporation for Financing & Promoting Technology
FRONTIER-AND-CITIZENS – Frontier Communications of America, Inc.
FRONTIER-FRTR – Frontier Communications of America, Inc.
FR-RENATER Reseau National de telecommunications pour la Technologie
FULLRATE Fullrate A/S
FX-PRIMARY-AS FX Networks Limited
GBLX Global Crossing Ltd.
GET-NO GET Norway
GHANATEL-AS
GIGAINFRA Softbank BB Corp.
GLOBAL-SPLK – Sprint International
GLOBE-TELECOM-AS Globe Telecoms
GOLDENLINES-ASN 012 Smile Communications Main Autonomous System
GOLDENTELECOM-UKRAINE Golden Telecom
GOOGLE – Google Inc.
GRAMEENPHONE-AS-AP GrameenPhone Ltd.
GSA-GOV – General Services Administration
GT-BELL – Bell Canada
Gtd Internet S.A.
GYRON ====
H3G-AS H3G S.p.A.
H3GUKNIE Hutchison 3G UK and Ireland Core AS
HANARO-AS Hanaro Telecom Inc.
HATHWAY-NET-AP Hathway IP Over Cable Internet
HETZNER-AS Hetzner Online AG RZ
HHES – HAMILTON HYDRO ELECTRIC SYSTEM
HINET Data Communication Business Group
HKNET-AP HKNet Co. Ltd
HKTIMS-AP PCCW Limited
HNS-DIRECPC – Hughes Network Systems
HOPONE-GLOBAL – HopOne Internet Corporation
HOSTEUROPE-AS AS of Hosteurope Germany / Cologne
HP-INTERNET-AS Hewlett-Packard Company
HTCL-IAS-HK-AP Hutchison Telephone Company Limited
HTIL-TTML-IN-AP Tata Teleservices Maharashtra Ltd
HURRICANE – Hurricane Electric, Inc.
HUTCHISON-AS-AP Hutchison Global Communications
HUTCHVAS-AS Vodafone Essar Ltd., Telecommunication – Value Added Services,
IADB-NETWORKS – The Inter-American Development Bank
IAM-AS
IBM E-business Hosting Delivery
IBMCCH-RTP – IBM
IBMCCH-SBY – IBM
IBMDES-AS – IBM Dallas Engineering & Scientific
IBSNAZ Telecom Italia S.p.a.
IBURST-GH
ICONNECT-BD Planners Tower
IDK-NETWORK CJSC Interdnestrcom AS
IEUNET BT Ireland Backbone
IFX-NW – IFX Communication Ventures, Inc.
IHNET – IHNetworks, LLC
IINET iiNet Limited
IJ-NET – Internet Junction Corp.
ILX-ASN – THOMSON FINANCIAL
IN2CABLE-AP AS Number of In2cable.com (India) Ltd.
INDONET-AS-AP INDO Internet, PT
INDOSATM2-ID INDOSATM2 ASN
INEA-AS INEA S.A.
INET-AS-ID PT. Inet Global Indo
INETCOMM-AS INET LTD
I-NETPARTNER-AS I-NetPartner GmbH ASN
INETTEHNO Inet Tehno
INFINEON-AS Infineon AG
INFINEON-SG 8 Kallang Sector
INFLOW19294 – Inflow Inc.
INFOSPHERE NTT PC Communications, Inc.
INFOSTRADA Infostrada S.p.A.
INIT7 Init7 Global Backbone
INS-AS – AT&T Data Communications Services
Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad y Telecom.
Instituto Tecnol??gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey
INTEGRATELECOM – Integra Telecom, Inc.
INTELSAT Intelsat Global BGP Routing Policy
INTEL-SC-AS – Intel Corporation
INTERNAP-2BLK – Internap Network Services Corporation
INTERNAP-BLK – Internap Network Services Corporation
INTERNAP-BLK – Internap Network Services Corporation
INTERNAP-BLK3 – Internap Network Services Corporation
INTERNAP-BLOCK-4 – Internap Network Services Corporation
INTERNETIA-AS Netia SA
INTERNET-PATH – Internet Path, Inc.
INTERNET-PRO-AS Internet-Pro Ltd
INTEROUTE Interoute Communications Ltd
INTERPHONE-AS Interphone Ltd.
INTERTELECOM Intertelecom
IPASAULE-AS _Interneta Pasaule_ SIA
IPG-AS-AP Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company
IPGOMA – THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC.
IPNXng
IPO-EU IP-Only Telecommunication Networks AB
IQUEST-AS – IQuest Internet
IRONPORT-SYSTEMS-INC – Cisco Systems Ironport Division
IRS – Internal Revenue Service
IS
ISC-AS1280 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.
ISKON ISKON INTERNET d.d. za informatiku i telekomunikacije
ISKRATELECOM-AS ISKRATELECOM ZAO
ISP-KIM-NET Kalush Information Network LTD
ISSC-AS – ISSC
ISW – Internet Specialties West Inc.
ITNS ITNS. NET SRL
ITSCOM its communications Inc.
JAWWAL Jawwal will be multihoming with us AS15975 and AS12975
JAZZNET Jazz Telecom S.A.
Jordan Data Communications Company LLC
JUNIPER-NETWORKS – Juniper Networks, Inc.
KABELBW-ASN Kabel Baden-Wuerttemberg GmbH & Co. KG
KAISER-NCAL – Kaiser Foundation Health Plan
KAMOPOWER – KAMO Electric Cooperative, Inc.
KAZTELECOM-AS JSC Kazakhtelecom
KHERSON-TS Kherson Telecommunication Systems Ltd.
KIXS-AS-KR Korea Telecom
K-OPTICOM K-Opticom Corporation
KSNET KSNet
KSNET-AS Kyivstar GSM
KVH KVH Co.,Ltd
LANTELECOM-AS Lan-Telecom AS Number
LATISYS-ASHBURN – Latisys-Ashburn, LLC
LATNETSERVISS-AS LATNET ISP
LDCOMNET NEUF CEGETEL (formerly LDCOM NETWORKS)
LEASEWEB LEASEWEB AS
LEVEL3 Level 3 Communications
LGCNS-AS – LG CNS America Inc.
LGDACOM LG DACOM Corporation
LGH-AS-KR LGHitachi
LGNET-AS-KR LG CNS
LINKdotNET-AS
LINKLINE – LinkLINE Communications, Inc.
LINKNET-ID-AP Linknet ASN
LOQAL-AS Loqal AS
LUCENT-CIO – Lucent Technologies Inc.
LUGANET-AS ARTA Ltd
LVBALTICOM-AS _Balticom_ JSC
LVLT594-598 – Level 3 Communications, Inc.
LYSE-AS Altibox AS
MAGNUS-AS TOV _Magnus Limited_
MANGOTELESERVICE-AS-BD Only private Owned IIG in Bangladesh
MAP Moscow Network Access Point
MASERGY-US Masergy US Autonomous System
MASSCOM – Massillon Cable Communications
MAXIS-AS1-AP Binariang Berhad
MBL-AS-AP Micronet Broadband (Pvt) Ltd.
MCAFEE – McAfee, Inc.
MCAFEE-COM – McAfee, Inc.
MCC OJSC _Moscow Cellular Communications_,
MCI-ASN – MCI
MCT-SYDNEY Macquarie Telecom
MDITNET-AS ITNET (ITPAY SRL)
MEDIASERV-AS Mediaserv
Mega Cable, S.A. de C.V.
MEGAPATH2-US – MegaPath Networks Inc.
METROTEL REDES S.A.
MF-KAVKAZ-AS Caucasus Branch of OJSC MegaFon AS
MF-NWGSM-AS North-West Branch of OJSC MegaFon Network
MFNX MFN – Metromedia Fiber Network
MICRON21-AS-AU-AP Micron21 Melbourne Australia Datacentre. Co-Location Dedicated Servers Web Hosting
MICROSOFT-CORP-AS – Microsoft Corp
MICROSOFT-CORP—MSN-AS-BLOCK – Microsoft Corp
MISD-NET – Macomb Intermediate School District
MIT-GATEWAYS – Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MOLDCELL_AS Moldcell SA Autonomous System
MOLDDATA-AS Administrator of the top level domain .MD,
MOLDTELECOM-AS Moldtelecom Autonomous System
MORENET – University of Missouri – dba the Missouri Research and Education Network (MOREnet)
MOTOROLA – Motorola, Inc.
MOTOROLA-PHX – Motorola, Inc.
MP-ELEKTRONIKA-AS MP ELEKTRONIKA Autonomous System
MPX-AS Microplex PTY LTD
MTNL-AP Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd.
MTS-INDIA-IN 334,Udyog Vihar
MTSNET OJSC _Mobile TeleSystems_ Autonomous System
N9E7X5E3N1I2N4C – Nexen Inc.
NAWALA-AS-ID Asosiasi Warung Internet Indonesia (AWARI)
NAWRAS-AS Omani Qatari Telecommunications Company SAOC
NBLNETWORKS-AS Nebula Oy Autonomous System
NC-FUNB-AS – WACHOVIA CORP
NCNET-AS National Cable Networks
NEOLINK CJSC _ER-Telecom Holding_ Izhevsk branch
NERIM Nerim SAS
NET-ACCESS-CORP – Net Access Corporation
NET-AIG – American International Group (AIG) Data Center, Inc.
NETCOM-AS NetCom as Autonomous system
NETELLIGENT – Netelligent Hosting Services Inc.
NEWCOM-AS NEWCOM mirror object from ARIN
NEWCOM-ASN New Com Telecomunicatii SA
NEWEDGENETS – New Edge Networks
NEWSKIES-NETWORKS SES WORLD SKIES ARIN AS, for routing RIPE space.
NEWTT-IP-AP Wharf T&T Ltd.
NEXTGENTEL NEXTGENTEL Autonomous System
NEXTTELL-VRN-AS LLC NextTell-Voronezh AS Number
NG-AS NextGen Communications SRL
NIANET-AS nianet is a Danish carrier and Internet Service Provider
NO_NAME
NOC – Network Operations Center Inc.
NOKIA Nokia Internet
NOKIA-AS NOKIANET APAC Data Centre network
NOKIANET_DALLAS NOKIANET Dallas office
Nominum Global NameServer network
NOMINUM-SKYE1 – SKYE
NORDLINKS-AS S.C. _NordLinks_ S.R.L.
NORMA-PLUS-AS TOV Norma Plus
NORTHROP-GRUMMAN – Northrop Grumman
NOVELL – Novell, Inc.
NTL Virgin Media Limited
NTT do Brasil Telecomunicaoes Ltda
NTT-COMMUNICATIONS-2914 – NTT America, Inc.
NUMERICABLE NUMERICABLE is a cable network operator in France, offering TV,VOICE and Internet services
NUVOX – NuVox Communications, Inc.
NV-ASN 013 NetVision Ltd.
NYFX-RTR – NYFIX, INC
O1COMM – O1 COMMUNICATIONS
OCN NTT Communications Corporation
OFIDEN – OppenheimerFunds, Inc.
OMD-FNO Orange Moldova Fix Network Autonomous System
OMNITURE ====
OPENDNS – OpenDNS, LLC
ORANGE-BUSINESS-SERVICES-SOUTHEUR Equant Inc.
ORANGE-BUSINESS-SERVICES-UK Orange Business Services (formerly Equant) AS for UK
OSIS-PACOM – Joint Intelligence Center Pacific
OVH OVH
P4NET P4 Sp. z o.o.
PACIFIC-INTERNET-INDIA-ASN Pacific Internet India Pvt. Ltd.
PACIFIC-INTERNET-IX Pacific Internet Ltd
PACNET Pacnet Global Ltd
PAH-INC – GoDaddy.com, Inc.
PAIR-NETWORKS – pair Networks
PALTEL-AS PALTEL Autonomous System
PARTNER-AS Partner Communications Ltd.
PBTL-BD-AS-AP Pacific Bangladesh Telecom Limited.
PDX – PORTLAND INTERNETWORKS
PEER1 – Peer 1 Network Inc.
Pegaso PCS, S.A. de C.V.
PERSNET Korea Telecom Freetel
PI-AU Pacific Internet (Australia) Pty Ltd
PI-HK Pacnet Internet (Hong Kong) Limited
PIXNET-AS – Providers Internet Exchange
PKTELECOM-AS-PK Pakistan Telecom Company Limited
PLUSSERVER-AS PlusServer AG, Germany
POLYCOM – Polycom, Inc.
POWEREDCOM KDDI CORPORATION
Prima S.A.
PRIMORYE-AS Open Joint Stock Company _Far East Telecommunications Company_
PRINCETON-AS – Princeton University
PROBENETWORKS-AS Probe Networks
PRONET_LV SIA _PRONETS_
PROXAD Free SAS
PS-NETPLEX-AS – Perot Systems
PT KPN Internet Solutions
PTK-CENTERTEL-DSL-AS PTK Centertel Sp. z o.o.
PTLP-CORE – People_s Tel Limited Partnership
PTPRIMENET PT PRIME – Solucoes Empresariais de Telecomunicacoes e Sistemas S.A.
PUBNET1-AS KT
PUSAN-AS-KR Pusan National University
PWC-AS – PriceWaterhouseCoopers, LLP
Q9-AS – Q9 Networks Inc.
Q9-AS-BRAM – Q9 Networks Inc.
QNETCZ QNET CZ s.r.o.
QSC-1 QSC AG
QUALCOMM – Qualcomm, Inc.
QUALCOMM-BLR-AS-AP Qualcomm Inc. Bangalore AS, Developer of CDMA Technology India
QWEST – Qwest Communications Company, LLC
RACKSPACE – Rackspace Hosting
RADIOGRAFICA COSTARRICENSE
RAPID-LINK-AS RAPID LINK SRL
RAYA-AS
RCN-AS – RCN Corporation
RDSNET RCS & RDS S.A.
Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa
REEDLAN-AS ISP REEDLAN
RELARN RELARN-MSK
RELIANCE-COMMUNICATIONS-IN Reliance Communications Ltd.DAKC MUMBAI
RELIANCEGLOBALCOM – Reliance Globalcom Services, Inc
RENAM RENAM Association
RIML-CORP-AS-3 – Research In Motion Limited
RIPE-NCC-AS RIPE Network Coordination Centre
RISC-SYSTEM – Rockwell Scientific Company
RMH-14 – Rackspace Hosting
RMIFL RM Education PLC – Internet for Learning
ROGERS-CABLE – Rogers Cable Communications Inc.
ROSTELECOM-AS JSC Rostelecom
ROSTOV-TELEGRAF-AS Rostovelectrosviaz_ of Public Joint Stock Company
RTCOMM-AS OJSC RTComm.RU
RTD ROMTELECOM S.A
RUSTAVI2ONLINEAS Caucasus Online LLC
RU-SURNET Uralsvyazinform, Chelyabinsk branch
RWT – RagingWire Telecommunications
SAFELINES The network of ISP Safelines,includes POPs in various cities
SAFENZ-TRANSIT-AS-NZ SafeNZ Networks LTD
SAITIS-NETWORK Saitis Network, N.Desir
SAMSUNGNETWORKS-AS-KR Samsung Networks Inc.
SAN-JUAN-CABLE – San Juan Cable, LLC
SASUSA SunGard Availability Services USA
SAVVIS – Savvis
SBIS-AS – AT&T Internet Services
SCARTEL-AS Scartel Ltd.
SCOTTS-AS – CITY OF SCOTTSBURG
SCRR-10796 – Road Runner HoldCo LLC
SCRR-11426 – Road Runner HoldCo LLC
SCRR-12271 – Road Runner HoldCo LLC
SCV-AS-AP SCV Broadband Access Provider
SDL-20-AS – Smithville Digital, LLC
SEAGATE-USA-MN-1 – Seagate Technology
SEEDNET Digital United Inc.
SELECTNET-AS – SelectNet Internet Services
SERBIA-BROADBAND-AS Serbia BroadBand-Srpske Kablovske mreze d.o.o.
SERVICENET-AP Internet service provision to Western
SGNET-AS-AP Singapore Government Network AS
SHAW – Shaw Communications Inc.
SIBNETWORKS-AS Siberian Networks
SIFY-AS-IN Sify Limited
SIGMANET-NIC LU MII AS
SIKA-AS Sika Informationssysteme AG
SITA SITA
sixtelecoms-as
SKTELECOM-NET-AS SK Telecom., Ltd.
SKYNET-SPB-AS SkyNet Ltd.
SKYVISION SkyVision Network Services
SLTINT-AS-AP Sri Lanka Telecom Internet
SOFTLAYER – SoftLayer Technologies Inc.
SOFTNET-AS-AP Software Technology Parks of India – Bangalore
SOLNET BSE Software GmbH
SONICDUO-AS AS for MegaFon-Moscow
SONOMA – Sonoma Interconnect
SONY-APAC-AP Sony – ASN for Asia Pacific
SOVAM-AS OJSC _Vimpelcom_
SPBMTS-AS Mobile TeleSystems, OJSC, MR North-West
SPCS – Sprint Personal Communications Systems
SPEAKEASY – Speakeasy, Inc.
SPECTRANET FIRST FIBRE BROADBAND NETWORK IN NEW DELHI, INDIA
Sprint US
SPRINTLINK – Sprint
SPRINTLINK-HOSTING – SPRINT, Business Serices Group
SS-NOC-AS – Straitshot Communications, Inc.
STARHUBINTERNET-AS StarHub Internet Exchange
STARNET-AS StarNet Moldova
STATEL-AS Stavropol branch of Southern Telecommunications Company
STEADFAST – Steadfast Networks
STOMI – State of Michigan, DMB-CNOC
STSN-SLC-UT-US – STSN GENERAL HOLDINGS, INC.
SUDDENLINK-COMMUNICATIONS – Suddenlink Communications
SUMTEL-AS-RIPE Summa Telecom
SUNCOMMUNICATIONS-AS JV _Sun Communications_ Autonomous System
SUNRISE Sunrise Communications AG
SUPERNET-PAKISTAN-AS-AP Supernet Limited Transit Autonomous System Number
SURFCONTROL-US-ASN Websense Hosted Security Network
SURFNET-NL SURFnet, The Netherlands
SWEETNET-AS Private entrepreneur Bliznichenko Vitalij Volodumirovich
SWISSCOM Swisscom (Switzerland) Ltd
SWITCH SWITCH, Swiss Education and Research Network
SWKO – SOUTHWEST KANSAS ONLINE
TACHYON-AS-ID PT Remala Abadi
TATA-AS TATA ISP
TATACOMM-AS TATA Communications formerly VSNL is Leading ISP
TATTELECOM-AS Tattelecom.ru/Tattelecom Autonomous System
TC Radio Systems Autonomous System
TCH – TCH Network Services
TDC TDC Data Networks
TDDE-ASN1 Telefonica o2 Germany Autonomous System
TDN Tikona Digital Networks Pvt Ltd.
TEAM-CYMRU – Team Cymru Inc.
TE-AS TE-AS
TELCOMNET TelCom Ltd.
TELCOM-UA-AS _Telecomunikatsiina Companiya_ Ltd
TELE2
Telecom Argentina S.A.
TELECOMMD-AS ICS Networks Solutions SRL
Telecomunicacoes da Bahia S.A.
TELEFONICA CHILE S.A.
Telefonica de Argentina
Telefonica Empresas SA
TELEFONICA-DATA-ESPANA Internet Access Network of TDE
TELEKOM-AS TELEKOM SRBIJA a.d.
TELENERGO EXATEL S.A. Autonomous System
TELENET-AS Autonomous System of Teleset-Servis Ltd.
TELENET-AS Telenet N.V.
TELENOR-NEXTEL Telenor Norge AS
TELESC – Telecomunicacoes de Santa Catarina SA
TELESWEET-AS Telesweet ISP Autonomous System
TELETECH – TeleTech Holdings, Inc
Television Internacional, S.A. de C.V.
TELEZUG WWZ Telekom AG
TELIANET-DENMARK TeliaNet Denmark
TELIANET-SWEDEN TeliaNet Sweden
TELKOMNET-AS2-AP PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia
TELKOMSEL-ASN-ID PT. Telekomunikasi Selular
TELLCOM-AS Tellcom Iletisim Hizmetleri
Telmex Chile Internet S.A.
Telmex Colombia S.A.
TELSTRA Telstra Pty Ltd
TEOLTAB TEO LT AB Autonomous System
TERREMARK Terremark
TFN-TW Taiwan Fixed Network, Telco and Network Service Provider.
TFO-BOSTON – THOMSON FINANCIAL
THEPLANET-AS – ThePlanet.com Internet Services, Inc.
T-HT T-Com Croatia Internet network
TINET-BACKBONE Tinet SpA
TISCALI-UK Tiscali UK
TISNL-BACKBONE Telfort B.V.
TKPSA-AS TKP S.A. is 3S.pl network operator.
TKT-AS JSC TKT
TMIB-BD-AS-AP TM International Bangladesh Ltd. ISP, Gulshan-1,Dhaka-1212
TMN-AS TMN Autonomous System
TMNET-AS-AP TM Net, Internet Service Provider
TM-NETSYS-ASH – TicketMaster
TOMLINE Tomsk telecommunication company Ltd
TOTNET-TH-AS-AP TOT Public Company Limited
TPG-INTERNET-AP TPG Internet Pty Ltd
TPNET Telekomunikacja Polska S.A.
TRANSTEL S.A.
TRAVELERS – Travelers Property Casualty Corp.
TRENDMICRO Global IDC and Backbone of Trend Micro Inc.
TRENDMICRO Trend Micro Inc.
TRUENORTHCOMM – True North Communications
TSF-IP-CORE TeliaSonera Finland IP Network
TSU-SM – Texas State University – San Marcos
TTCLDATA
TTNET Turk Telekomunikasyon Anonim Sirketi
TTSL-MEISISP Tata Teleservices ISP AS
TULIP Tulip Telecom Ltd.
TURKCELL-AS TURKCELL ILETISIM HIZMETLERI A.S.
TVCABO-AS TVCABO Autonomous System
TWTC – tw telecom holdings, inc.
UAEXPRESS EXPRESS Radio Network
UARNET-AS Ukrainian Academic and Research Network
UA-SEECH Seech-Infocom NCC
UA-SMART-AS Broadcasting company _Smart_ Ltd
UCOM UCOM Corp.
UCSB-NET-AS – University of California, Santa Barbara
UCSC – University of California, Santa Cruz
UDMVT-AS OJSC VolgaTelecom branch in Udmurtia Republic AS Number
UECOMM-AU Uecomm Ltd
UKRBIT-NET-AS SPD Bilopol Roman Leonidovich
UKRTELNET JSC UKRTELECOM,
ULTRADNS – Centergate Research, LLC.
UMANITOBA – University of Manitoba
UMC-AS UMC Autonomous System
UMICH-AS-5 – University of Michigan
UMN Ural-TransTeleCom Autonomous System
UNI2-AS France Telecom Espana SA
Uninet S.A. de C.V.
UNINETT UNINETT, The Norwegian University & Research Network
UNISYS-6072 For routing issues, email [email protected]
UNISYS-AP-UI-AS-AP Unisys AsiaPac Intranet Access to Internet
UNISYS-AS-E – Unisys Corporation
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
University de Los Andes
UNL-AS – University of Nebraska-Lincoln
UNSPECIFIED
UPC UPC Broadband
UPITT-AS – University of Pittsburgh
URAN URAN Autonomous system
USAA – USAA
USI Uralsviazinform
UUNET – MCI Communications Services, Inc. d/b/a Verizon Business
UUNET-INT – MCI Communications Services, Inc. d/b/a Verizon Business
VEGA-OD-UA DCS Ltd.
VERISIGN-CORP – VeriSign Infrastructure & Operations
VERSATEL AS for the Trans-European Tele2 IP Transport backbone
VIA-NET-WORKS-AS PSINet Europe / VIA NET.WORKS international AS
VIAPASS-FR VIAPASS SAS
VIDEOTRON – Videotron Telecom Ltee
VIETEL-AS-AP Vietel Corporation
VINAKOM – VINAKOM COMMUNICATIONS
VINS – ViaWest
VIRGINIA-AS – University of Virginia
VITSSEN-SUWON-AS-KR Tbroad Suwon Broadcating Corporati
VMWARENET-1 – VMWare, Inc.
VNET-AS VNET ISP Bratislava, Slovakia, SK
VNPT-AS-VN Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications (VNPT)
VODAFONE_ICELAND Backbone Autonomous System
VODAFONE-IT-ASN Vodafone N.V.
VODANET International IP-Backbone of Vodafone
VOLIA-AS Kyivski Telekomunikatsiyni Merezhi LLC
VOLKSWAGEN Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg 1
VRIS-AS-BLOCK – Verizon Online LLC
VSI-AS VSI AS
VTX-NETWORK VTX Services SA
VZB-AU-AS Verizon Australia PTY Limited
VZGNI-TRANSIT – Verizon Online LLC
WATEEN-IMS-PK-AS-AP National WiMAX/IMS environment
WAYPORT – AT&T Wi-Fi Services
Webex Communications, Inc.
WEBSENSE Websense, Inc.
WELLSFARGO – Wells Fargo & Company
WESTHOST – WestHost, Inc.
WESTNET-AS-AP Westnet Internet Services
WESTPUB-A – West Publishing Corporation
WICAM-AS WiCAM ISP Cambodia Peering AS
WIDEXS ion-ip B.V.
WINDSTREAM – Windstream Communications Inc
WIRELESSNET-ID-AP WIRELESSNET AS
WITCOM- Wiesbadener Informations – und Telekommunikations GmbH
WN-AS Private enterprise Gorbunov A.A.
WORLDBANK-AS – WORLD BANK
WORLDCALL-AS-LHR Worldcall Broadband Limited
WORLDNET-AS World Net & Services Co., Ltd.
WOW-INTERNET – WideOpenWest Finance LLC
WXC-AS-NZ WorldxChange Communications LTD
WYOMING – wyoming.com
XO-AS15 – XO Communications
XS4ALL-NL XS4ALL
XTRA-AS Telecom XTRA, Auckland, NZ
YAHOO-BANGALORE-AS-AP Yahoo Bangalore Network Monitoring Center
YAHOO-US – Yahoo
ZIGGO Ziggo – tv, internet, telefoon
ZIPNETBD-DKB-AS-AP Zipnet Limited DKB AS number
The following chart maps the location of more than 300 command and control networks that were used in these attacks. 299 of them were located in China.

The geographic location of the more than 300 control networks used in the attacks.


Read more…

Resource of 3D eBooks

The SD&A is the Stereoscopic Displays and Applications group, which not only reproduces several excellent resources (available here: Stereoscopic Displays and Applications Virtual Library), but also has a conference – the next will be in San Francisco on Monday-Wednesday 23-25 January 2012 – Conference and Exhibition

The most recent book that the SD&A is promoting now in the Virtual Library is “The Theory of Stereoscopic Transmission and its application to the motion picture” by Raymond and Nigel Spottiswoode – originally published in 1953.

“The Theory of Stereoscopic Transmission” provides a theoretical analysis of the three-dimensional geometry of capture and presentation of stereoscopic images as typified by 3D movies. Titles of chapters in the book include: Stereoscopic Depth Range, The Stereoscopic Window, Stereoscopic Calculators, Cameras with Variable Separation and Convergence, Projection, The Human Factor in Stereoscopic Transmission, and much more. An errata list is provided at the end of the book. Also included is an 8 page anaglyph 3D insert “Stereoscopic Diagrams” by Brian Borthwick and Jack Coote which illustrates some of the concepts in the book in 3D.

See the site and download this and many other books, including Lenny Lipton’s well regarded Foundations of the Stereoscopic Cinema by Lenny Lipton

Apres IBC 2011

IBC was conferences for your editor, with only a few minutes on the floor. We were really only there for digital cinema oriented things, and since we were at the RAI just a few months previously at CineEurope, the conferences and the data available was all pushed together. 

There were two excellent presentations on the science of the eye to kick off the DCinema conferences, again excellently organized by David Monk and John Graham for the EDCF.

See Yasmin Hashmi’s page for some interesting 3D info. 

See the Creative Cow wrap up, which has its usual good coverage.

See the following attachment, which was my presentation on the doings of the ISDCF in 2011 – actually a follow-up since the last report in 2010. 

…Like Tangents In Rain